Published in Information Processing & Management, 2026
S2Token treats chemically meaningful molecular substructures as tokens, improving both representativeness and generalization for molecular large language models.
Recommended citation: Runze Wang, Zijie Xing, Xingyue Liu, Mingqi Yang, Che He, Yanming Shen*, “From Graphs to Tokens: Substructure-Aware Molecular Representation for Large Language Models,” Information Processing and Management, vol. 63, no. 6, p. 104771, Sep. 2026
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